For accurate ECG readings, it is essential to start with proper skin preparation and lead placement. Begin by thoroughly cleaning the skin where the electrodes will be attached. Use alcohol wipes to remove oils and dirt, as this will help minimize interference and ensure optimal electrode contact.
Adhere to the standardized lead placement for a 12-lead ECG. Place the limb leads on the right and left wrists and ankles. Position the chest leads with precision: V1 should be placed at the fourth intercostal space to the right of the sternum, V2 at the fourth intercostal space to the left of the sternum, V3 between V2 and V4, V4 at the fifth intercostal space at the midclavicular line, V5 at the same horizontal level as V4 but at the anterior axillary line, and V6 at the midaxillary line, aligned horizontally with V4 and V5.
Ensure that the electrodes are in good contact and securely attached to prevent movement. Avoid placing leads over bony areas, thick muscles, or excessive hair. If there is a significant amount of hair, shaving may be necessary. Finally, instruct the patient to remain as still as possible during the procedure to minimize artifacts and ensure accurate readings.